Legal area

Employment law

Contract, dismissal, leave, pay, termination: your rights as an employee in France.

Ask a free question →
In brief

French employment law governs the relationship between employer and employee: the conclusion and performance of the contract, working time, leave, pay, and the termination of the contract (dismissal, resignation, *rupture conventionnelle*), plus claims before the *conseil de prud'hommes* (labour tribunal).

The employment contract creates rights and obligations for both the employee and the employer. The law and collective agreements set working time, rest, minimum pay and the conditions for termination.

A dismissal must rest on a 'real and serious cause' and follow a precise procedure (summons, preliminary meeting, notification). If you disagree, you can bring a claim before the conseil de prud'hommes. Our guides cover dismissal, the rupture conventionnelle (mutually agreed termination), severance and unemployment benefits.

All articles: employment law

40 articles
Sick Leave Pay in France: How Salary Maintenance Works

In France, taking sick leave (arrêt de travail pour maladie) does not necessarily mean a total loss of income.…

Read →
France Travail Certificate: How to Get It From Your Employer

When an employment contract ends, transitioning to unemployment benefits or searching for a new job is a pivot…

Read →
Occupational Health Check-Ups in France: When Are They Mandatory?

In France, occupational health is a fundamental pillar of employment law, governed by strict rules that apply …

Read →
Rest Breaks and Rest Periods: Legal Minimums in France

French labour law is renowned for being one of the most protective in the world, particularly regarding employ…

Read →
Dismissal Pre-Meeting in France: Procedure and Rules

The pre-dismissal meeting, known in French as the entretien préalable au licenciement (pre-dismissal interview…

Read →
Right of Withdrawal: How to Legally Leave a Dangerous Workstation

Every day, thousands of employees go to work with a knot in their stomach due to degraded safety conditions, d…

Read →
Reclassifying a CDD into a CDI: Legal Grounds in France

In France, the contrat de travail à durée indéterminée (CDI - permanent employment contract) constitutes the n…

Read →
Unlawful Termination of Trial Period in France: Expats' Guide

The trial period is often perceived as a phase of complete freedom where the employer and the employee can par…

Read →
Unemployment Benefits (ARE) in France: Calculation and Duration

Losing a job is a challenging life transition that immediately raises a crucial question: how will I secure my…

Read →
Prime d'Activité in France: Eligibility, Amount and Application

Created in 2016 to replace the RSA activité (active income support) and the prime pour l'emploi (employment bo…

Read →
Work-Study Contracts in France: Rights and Salary Guide

A real springboard into employment, the alternance (work-study program) attracts hundreds of thousands of youn…

Read →
Understanding the CSE: Your Guide to French Employee Councils

Are you working in a company in France with at least 11 employees? You have likely heard of the Comité Social …

Read →
Burn-out in France: Recognition, Claims and Compensation

Burn-out, or occupational exhaustion syndrome, has become one of the major workplace ailments in contemporary …

Read →
Part-Time Work in France: Additional Hours and Equal Treatment

Part-time employment contracts currently affect more than four million employees in France. Often perceived as…

Read →
Disciplinary vs. Precautionary Suspension in France: Your Rights

When a conflict or alleged misconduct occurs within a company, the employer may decide to temporarily remove t…

Read →
Simple, Grave, or Gross Misconduct in France: Key Differences

In the French professional world, dismissal on disciplinary grounds (licenciement pour motif disciplinaire) of…

Read →
Maternity and Paternity Leave in France: Durations and Protection

The arrival of a child is a unique moment in the lives of future parents, but it also brings many legal and ad…

Read →
Medical Inaptitude in France: Reassignment and Dismissal

When a physical or mental health issue impairs an employee's ability to perform their duties, the question of …

Read →
Undeclared Work in France: Risks for Employees and Employers

Working without a contract, being paid "under the table" (au black), not declaring all your overtime hours... …

Read →
SMIC in France: Minimum Wage, Allowances, and Rules for Expats

The Salaire Minimum Interprofessionnel de Croissance (SMIC - minimum interprofessional growth wage) constitute…

Read →
Bonuses and 13th-Month Pay in France: Is It Mandatory?

As the end-of-year holidays or summer vacations approach, the question of receiving a 13e mois (13th-month pay…

Read →
Solde de Tout Compte in France: Should You Sign or Dispute?

When an employment contract is terminated—whether through resignation, dismissal, or a rupture conventionnelle…

Read →
Job Abandonment in France: Rules and Risks Since the Reform

Job abandonment (abandon de poste) has long been used by employees as a backup solution to quickly leave their…

Read →
Non-Compete Clauses in France: Validity and Compensation

When signing an employment contract, certain clauses might seem harmless even though they heavily commit your …

Read →
Workplace Discrimination in France: How to Identify and Act

Every day in France, thousands of employees and job applicants experience unequal treatment based not on their…

Read →
Remote Work in France: Rights, Expenses, and Refusals

Since the 2020 health crisis, remote working has established itself as an essential way of organizing work for…

Read →
Workplace Accidents in France: Notification and Compensation Guide

Every year in France, hundreds of thousands of employees suffer accidents in the course of their professional …

Read →
Sick Leave in France: Rights, Pay, and Medical Checks

Whether you are on a permanent contract (CDI - contrat à durée indéterminée), a fixed-term contract (CDD - con…

Read →
Paid Leave in France: How to Accrue, Take, and Calculate Your Leave

A fundamental right of every employee in France, paid leave is a cornerstone of French labor law designed to g…

Read →
Sexual Harassment at Work in France: A Guide for Expats

Sexual harassment at work is a scourge that shatters careers and destroys lives, but French law provides power…

Read →
Harassment at Work in France: Legal Proof and Steps

Moral harassment at work is a silent plague that shatters careers and destroys both professional and personal …

Read →
Unpaid Salary in France: Demand Letters and Legal Remedies

Working without receiving your financial compensation is an extremely serious situation for any employee. In F…

Read →
Overtime in France: Pay Rates, Rules, and Burden of Proof

In France, working hours are at the heart of many professional relationships and constitute one of the main so…

Read →
Redundancy Pay in France: Calculation and Legal Minimums

Redundancy is a major milestone in your professional life, and it is often a source of financial and legal unc…

Read →
Resigning in France: Notice Periods, Documents, and Unemployment

Leaving your job is a major step in your professional life, whether you are pursuing new opportunities, changi…

Read →
Rupture Conventionnelle in France: Steps, Payouts & Pitfalls

The rupture conventionnelle (mutual termination agreement) is currently the most popular method of amicable se…

Read →
Unfair Dismissal in France: How to Take Your Case to Court

When a working relationship ends abruptly or unfairly, employees often find themselves feeling helpless in the…

Read →
Dismissal in France: Legal Procedure and Your Rights

The termination of an employment contract at the employer's initiative is a pivotal moment in professional lif…

Read →
Probationary Period in France: Rules, Renewal and Termination

Whether you are a newly recruited employee or an employer looking to secure your hiring process, the probation…

Read →
CDI, CDD, Temp Work in France: Key Differences & Rights

Navigating the landscape of French labour law can be complex, whether you are a young professional, an experie…

Read →

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between a dismissal and a *rupture conventionnelle*?

A dismissal is decided unilaterally by the employer and must be justified. A *rupture conventionnelle* is an amicable agreement between both parties, approved by the administration, which opens entitlement to unemployment benefits.

What can I do if I contest my dismissal?

You can first ask in writing for the reasons, then bring a claim before the *conseil de prud'hommes*. If the dismissal is found to lack a real and serious cause, you may obtain compensation.

Am I entitled to unemployment benefits after resigning?

In principle no, unless the resignation is deemed legitimate (following a spouse, unpaid wages, etc.) or is part of an approved retraining project.

A question about employment law?

AvocatAI answers based on official French law, in your language — free of charge.

Try AvocatAI for free